Pakistan Electricity: Solutions and Ongoing Projects

Written by Afreen Baig http//economicpakistan. wordpress. com/2008/01/05/ electricity/ History After the construction of the Hydro-Electric Tarbela decametre and the Mangla Dam, by General Ayub Khan and General Yahya Khan in the 1960s, our governments failed to conceive and initiate major electricity befuddles. The inept governments of PML-N and PPP, that still consider themselves vital to pop dialogue within the provinces, failed to create dialogue within provinces, on the most important issue facing Pakistans energy survival the Kalabagh Dam. Their governments failed to plan for the future day growth and energy requirements.Recently the government of PPP has scraped the project altogether. Unexpected Economic Boom & ability Consumption in the last 10 historic period Pakistans $75 billion economy boomed into a $160 billion economy, with the consumption of gas, electricity and coal increasing YEARLY to an average rate of 7. 8 percent, 5. 1 percent and 8. 8 percent, respectivel y. The number of electricity consumers grew from 15. 9 million in 2005-06 to 16. 7 million in 2007, showing a growth of close to 70 percent over the last 10 years. The major Energy consumption sectors of the country are industrial (38. percent), Transport (32. 8 percent), Residential and commercialized (25 percent), Agriculture (2. 5 percent) and others (2. 2 percent). As regards Electricity, the Ho physical exertionhold sector has been the largest consumer over the last 10 years, on average consuming 44. 8 percent, followed by Industrial sector (29. 4 percent), Agriculture (12. 2 percent), Commercial sector (5. 9 percent), Street lights (10. 6 percent), the officials say. Record Sales of Electronic Items Recently, we got good news from Pakistan Haier. In May, Pakistan Haier made new RECORD air-conditioner, refrigerator monthly output.The sale volume reached all time high, the year-on-year sale increase of Air-conditioner, Refrigerator, Washing machine, Micro wave and TV are 136%, 58%, 180%, 210% and 106% respectively. Similarly, many other Electronic Companies have created record sales. invents executed and chthonic Construction The first unit of 290-megawatt of Ghazi Brotha Hydel Project (GBHP) went into achievement in June 2003, and contributed around 50mw of electricity to the national grid. Four more units were hang oned every quarter, and by 2004 the GBHP was contributing 1,450 mw.Nuclear power form Chashma-2, volition soon herald on-line, and will add another 300MW to the national grid. Mangla Dam uprising will give another 644 GWh of power. Gomal Zam Dam is under final stage of construction, and upon completion it will produce 17. 4MW In 1999, our installed content was merely 15,860 MW. (With Hydel 4826 + Thermal 10,897 + Nuclear 137) In 2005-06, our installed capacity increased to become 20,495 MW. (With Hydel 6499 + Thermal 13,534 + Nuclear 462) Concrete steps under the PML-Q Government President Pervez Musharraf launched the Rs 130 billion (US 2. 6 billion) Neelum-Jhelum Hydroelectric project aimed at producing 969 MW power. Work on 11 projects with an accumulative power generation capacity of more than 12,000MW would start by 2009. These projects include Bunji (5,400MW), Dasu (4,000MW), Kohala (1,100MW), Spatgah and Palas Valley (1,230MW). Wind and Solar Technology Pakistan is seeking to explore alternative sources of energy production and use Wind and solar technologies with the aim to produce 9,700 MW wind power by 2030, thereby providing electricity to 7,874 off-grid villages in Sindh and Baluchistan. 25 wind water pumping systems have been installed in Balochistan. Over 140 micro wind turbines of 500 Watts each are operational in Sindh and Balochistan, providing electricity to 691 houses in 18 remote, off-grid villages. Hydel Power The government is openhanded top priority to Hydel power with the potential of producing 40,000 MW Power of which only 15 percent had been exploited so far. In 2001, the Water and Po wer Development allowance of Pakistan identified 22 sites for launching Hydropower projects to meet the ever-increasing demand for cheap power.It indicated that about 15,074 mw could be generated on the completion of these projects, which would also meet the water irrigation requirements for the growing land sector. Pakistan Sugar Mills Association (PSMA) has informed the government that sugar mills can produce 2,000MW of electricity in the next five years. Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) has decided to establish an Engineering Design Organization (EDO) for the indigenous development of nuclear power plants (NPPs) in the country.The PAEC informed authorities that it was planning to add about 1,260MW through Hydel power, 880MW from Alternate energy, 4,860MW from Gas, 900MW from Coal and 160MW from Oil by 2010. The Karachi Electric Supply Corporation (KESC) is investing in a new 220-megawatt power plant that will help control the power shortages in the city, said. The plant will start generating 192MW by March and the remaining 28MW will start being distributed by December 2008. Thar Coal The government has decided to develop the Thar coal for power generation on a priority basis to overcome energy crisis following. bring out of six various companies that inked MoU with concern authorities to establish coal power projects twain companies have started drilling work in their respective areas. Confirmed estimates that its militia were equivalent to at least 850 Trillion Cubic Feet (TCF) of gas about 30 times higher than Pakistans proven gas militia of 28 TCF. By using only 2% of the existing coal reserves, we can generate around 20,000 MW (20 GW) for almost 40 years These estimates were confirmed by take away bankable feasibility studies conducted by Chinese and Russian experts. 85 million Tons of coal deposits in Pakistan were second only to 247 Billion Ton reserves in the United States and much higher than 157 and 115 Billion Ton reserves of Russ ia and China, respectively. Thar coal reserves were equivalent to at least 400 Billion lay of oil equivalent to oil reserves of Saudi Arabia and Iran put together. One estimate puts Pakistans coal energy at 576 Billion Barrels of oil which is equivalent to the combined oil reserves of the 3 largest producers.The government is planning to set up 5,000-megawatt power generation facilities using coal as fuel within next few years. Ongoing Power Projects The Ongoing Power Projects for which allocations have been made in 2007-08 Budget, are Mangla Dam Raising Project (Rs 20 billion), Mirani Dam (Rs 500 million), Sabakzai Dam (Rs 200 million), Kurram Tangi Dam (Rs 2. 84 billion), Sadpara Multipurpose Dam Rs (900 million), Gomal Zam Dam (Rs 1. 8 billion), the Greater Thal Canal Phase I (Rs 8. 5 billion), the Greater Thal Canal Phase II (Rs 2. billion), construction of 20 small dams in NWFP (Rs 870 million), Bhasha/ Diamer Dam (Rs 500 million), Khan-Khawar hydro project (Rs 1. 3 billion), Dubir Khawar hydro project (Rs 2. 1 billion), transmission arrangements for power dispersal of Ghazi Barotha (Rs 1. 67 billion) and Neelam-Jhelum hydro project (Rs 10 billion). New projects for the next fiscal year include the Sukkur Barrage Rehabilitation and Improvement project (Rs 100 million), Akhori Dam PC I (Rs 200 million), construction of Jaban Hydroelectric Power Station and Jaban Hydroelectric Power Station (Rs 40 million). Upcoming conterminous Projects Three rental power houses would start generating 1,067 megawatts of electricity by end of year 2008, respectively. Agreements had been signed with China to establish power plants at Nandipur and Chichu ki Malian, and tenders had been issued for two 500MW power plants at Dadu and Faisalabad which would be run by gas and furnace oil. An 800MW power plant would be set up at Guddu. (c) ECONOMIC PAKISTAN and PRESIDENT MUSHARRAF http//economicpakistan. wordpress. com/2008/01/05/electricity/ http//presidentmusharraf. wordpress. com/