W. E. B. Dubois The Philadelphia Negro

While Dubois concludes that arrangingic racial discrimination has created in Negroes a "mode of life and physical dexterity distinctly and noticeably below the average", that same connection bears the burden of health cargon be for Negroes who are poor and ill.

Dubois in addition blames slave history and systemic racism in American society for another of his conclusions. In explaining the causal agency for the higher costs from Negro health problems, Dubois explains, "Primarily it is because the Negroes are as a mass ignorant of the laws of health" (159). Dubois traces the reasons for these problems to tradition and slavery, and he discusses how interference of poor African Americans by health care workers is one reason contributing to their reluctance to seek out healthcare. From cramped, unventilated corporation gatherings to rundown and ill-accommodated housing health problems for African Americans are exacerbated. The exhalation of poor genes on by one generation to the future(a) is another issue Dubois concludes stems from the poor health conditions of slaves, "That many generations of dehydrated bodies endure bequeathed to the present generation impaired vitality and genic tendency to disease" (160).

Dubois argues poor sanitation conditions, unhealthy water sources and other conditions of impoverished and degraded neighborhoods. Dubois does conclude that with respect to the healthcare of whites and African Americans "the difference is not so immense to

It is dormant true that ethnic minorities close to often reside in low-income urban areas blighted by poverty, drugs and unsafe housing. Many other issues of health and the healthcare system remain similar to conditions described by Dubois. The American medical checkup Association's recent report on racial disparities in healthcare makes some startling conclusions in the way they mirror Dubois' work. i of these is the issue of African Americans having difficulty relating to healthcare professional.

The study conducted by Princeton Survey Research Associates found that "In addition to reduced access to healthcare, Hispanics, Asians and blacks are still more likely than whites to have difficulty communicating with their doctors about their health issues" (Race 1).

Hackney, R. African-American healthcare: From emergency to crisis. The Black Business Journal, 2002, 1-2.

In conclusion as Dubois noted in his study of Philadelphia blacks, there are still gaps between quality of healthcare and health issues that affect whites and blacks. For those that are hereditarily predisposed there is little that can be changed merely for improved access to healthcare, education of African Americans with respect to prevention, and great affordability of healthcare. For those issues that are not related to heredity, much can be done. This must include federal, state and local efforts to educate African Americans, train healthcare workers to meet the needs of African American communities, and fund programs that make access to healthcare more cheap and more accessible to impoverished communities. Along with these strategies, the AMA established quintuple goals to reduce disparities in health care based on race. These goals should be adopte
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